Frequently Asked Questions

Accreditation is the procedure by which an authoritative body gives formal recognition that a body or person is competent to carry out specific tasks.

• Accreditation is a means of building confidence in the work and the findings of testing and calibration laboratories and of inspection and certification bodies (conformity testing bodies).
• It applies for a fixed period of time and includes monitoring measures.
• It facilitates the mutual recognition of certificates of conformity and promotes international trade.

(Ref: http://nml.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/THE-ANSWER-TO-THE-GLOBAL-QUALITY-CHALLENGE-_A-NATIONAL-QUALITY-INFRASTRUCTURE.pdf)

Document which lays down product characteristics or their related processes and production methods, including the applicable administrative provisions, with which compliance is mandatory. It may also include or deal exclusively with terminology, symbols, packaging, marking or labeling requirements as they apply to a product, process or production method.

The definition in iso/iec guide 2 is not self-contained, but based on the so-called “building block” system.

(Ref: World Trade Organisation. The Legal Texts: The Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations by World Trade Organization. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999. p. 137)

Realization of the definition of a given quantity, with stated quantity value and associated measurement uncertainty, used as a reference.

• 1 kg mass measurement standard with an associated standard measurement uncertainty of 3 μg.
• 100 Ω measurement standard resistor with an associated standard measurement uncertainty of 1 μΩ

• A “realization of the definition of a given quantity” can be provided by a measuring system, a material measure, or a reference material.
• Several quantities of the same kind or of different kinds may be realized in one device which is commonly also called a measurement standard.

(Ref: International Vocabulary Of Metrology – Basic And General Concepts And Associated Terms (Vim))

A standard is a document established by consensus and approved by a recognised body that provides, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results, aimed at the achievement of the optimum degree of order in a given context. It ensures that materials, products, processes/methods and services are safe, reliable and of good quality. Stakeholders' compliance with all standards is voluntary.

Standards development is extremely important to trade-related activities because standards facilitate trade and form the basis for technical regulations. The use of national standards that are harmonised with international standards facilitates the removal of technical barriers to trade between contracting parties as standards can be used as the technical basis for trade in products and services between willing parties. The Antigua and Barbuda Bureau of Standards (The Bureau) as a signatory to the World Trade Organisation (WTO), Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Agreement is therefore obligated to harmonise all national standards with international standards to avoid creating technical barriers to trade.

Producers, manufacturers, and service providers can operate more efficiently with the use of standards. The use of standards assists in reducing costs and waste [of materials] and ensures consistent quality of production. Other benefits include enhanced customer satisfaction and the ability to access new markets through compliance with international standards. There are also standards, which when implemented, can help to lessen the negative impact of production and manufacturing on the environment.

Consumers also reap many benefits from standards. Health and safety are key areas of concern for consumers. Adherence to standards, by producers; manufacturers and service providers, give consumers the assurance that quality as well as health and safety requirements are met. The widespread use of standards is necessary in the development of a national quality culture.

Standards can be developed or adopted. In standards development it is important not to "reinvent the wheel", i.e. using already existing standards rather than starting from scratch.

The adaption of a standard is the process of modifying an existing standard to suit the needs of the country developing/implementing the standard. The adoption of a standard is the process of using an existing international or regional standard without making any changes. This is not to be confused with adaption.

The standards development process begins with a formal request outlining the need for a particular standard. This can be initiated by government, industry, consumer groups or individuals. The challenge for a developing country is to decide whether it is more beneficial to adopt and disseminate international or a regional standard or develop purely national standards.

A standards development process-time frame table highlighting the Bureau's standards development process are available for reference.

The consumer is an invaluable asset to the development of sound standards. . There a number of ways the consumer can contribute to the standards development process, thereby ensuring sound standards for the production of effective, high-quality products and services. Some ways in which consumers and consumer organisations can participate in the standards this process include:

providing feedback on safety, quality and use of products and services to standards developers and/or technical committees, for example the suitability of products and services for their intended use.

Testing products for conformity to specifications and consumer expectations.

The consumer brings a unique perspective to the creation of voluntary standards that are used in the production of many of goods and services. Consumers have two opportunities to impact the standards development process by providing comments when standards are being developed and when existing standards are being reviewed.

When a standard is available for comment the Bureau will inform the public through press releases in the media and the Official Gazette.

Stakeholder organisations are also encouraged to support and contribute to the standards development process by participating in technical committees and commenting on drafts that are available for comment. These organisations support the standards development process by presenting their members' interests, expert opinions, and analysis to ensure sound and effective standards are developed.